Man In Shroud of Turin Had Leprosy DNA Wrong

I posted in 2009 a blog that the man who was wrapped in the Shroud of Turin was found to be suffering from Leprosy  and on this ground was dismissed  as one not belonging to Jesus Christ.

Now there is another controversy raging on this subject.

History.

1.A cloth with Bloodstains and body image was found  and it was belived to be the cloth that was used to wrap the body of Jesus christ before he was resurrected.

Carbon Dating of The Shroud of Turin

2.It was Carbon Dated by three scientists ,independent of each other.

3.It was proved to belong to belong to the 13th century.

4.It  was later analysed for DNA and found that it was used to wrap the body of a man  afflicted with leprosy.

The present controversy is,

1.The Shroud of Turin, historically speaking surfaced in the 13th century AD.

Earlier  it was in Byzantine Empire.

It was called the Edessa Cloth and was in Constantinople for three hundred years, which then puts it date around 100 AD.

Now ,it the Shroud was forged, the Forger had to use advanced technologies not known to Man then, either in the 13th century or in the 10th Century.

To explain, the image was found to be impressions on the Cloth and did not contain any brush strokes.

If it is a Forgery the forger would have had to have the Blood stains first and draw the image later;this is not possible without  advanced technology which was not available till the later part of the 19th century.

2.The depiction of Crucifixion in the 13th century shows Crucifixion  as having been done with the palms being nailed, while the fact is that the wrists were nailed.

Crucifying by the palm would not have supported the body weight.

So, this is anachronism if the Shroud had been prepared in the 13th century.

Crucifixion by Wrist

3.Carbon dating could have been incorrect because of the Bacteria that grow on the Cloth, which might affect the Date.

External Links:

The Shroud of Turin in 3D

“

Scholar Raymond Rogers, who was a director of the Shroud of Turin Research Project, ^[53] argued in the scientific journal Thermochimica Acta that: “The fact that vanillin cannot be detected in the lignin on shroud fibers, Dead Sea scrolls linen, and other very old linens indicate that the shroud is quite old. A determination of the kinetics of vanillin loss suggest the shroud is between 1300- and 3000-years old. Even allowing for errors in the measurements and assumptions about storage conditions, the cloth is unlikely to be as young as 840 years”.^[42]

It has however been stated that Roger’s vanillin-dating process is untested, and the validity thereof is suspect. The deterioration of vanillin is heavily influenced by the temperature of its environment – heat strips away vanillin rapidly – and the shroud has been subjected to temperatures high enough to melt silver and scorch the cloth.^[54] Rogers’ analysis is also questioned by skeptics such as Joe Nickell, himself a non-scientist, who reasons that the conclusions of the author, Raymond Rogers, result from “starting with the desired conclusion and working backward to the evidence”.^[55]

The sample was contaminated

In 1993 Dr. Leoncio A. Garza-Valdes discovered the presence of polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA)-producing bacteria Leobacillus rubrus on Shroud’s fabric and confirmed their presence on three Egyptian mummies.^[56] According to Garza-Valdes, “the scientists that carried out the radiocarbon dating of the Shroud of Turin in 1988, were not aware of the presence of this unsuspected contaminant (natural plastic coating)”. Garza-Valdes outlines further, that while studying thin sections from the Shroud fibers it was found that “more than 60% of the fibers’ area is bioplastic“.^[56]Pictorial evidence dating from c. 1690 and 1842^[57] indicates that the corner used for the dating and several similar evenly spaced areas along one edge of the cloth were handled each time the cloth was displayed, the traditional method being for it to be held suspended by a row of five bishops. Wilson and others contend that repeated handling of this kind greatly increased the likelihood of contamination by bacteria and bacterial residue compared to the newly discovered archaeological specimens for which carbon-14 dating was developed. Bacteria and associated residue (bacteria by-products and dead bacteria) carry additional carbon-14 that would skew the radiocarbon date toward the present.

In 1994, J. A. Christen applied a strong statistical test to the radiocarbon data and concludes that the given age for the shroud is, from a statistical point of view, correct.^[81]

However critics claim to have identified statistical errors in the conclusions published in Nature:^[35] including: the actual standard deviation for the Tucson study was 17 years, not 31, as published; the chi-square distribution value is 8.6 rather than 6.4, and the relative significance level (which measures the reliability of the results) is close to 1% – rather than the published 5%, which is the minimum acceptable threshold.^{[82][83][84][85]} None of these errors would however produce an altered dating supportive of a 1st Century manufacture.

In 2008 the director of the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, Christopher Ramsey, told the BBC that “With the radiocarbon measurements and with all of the other evidence which we have about the Shroud, there does seem to be a conflict in the interpretation of the different evidence”.^[86] Ramsey has stressed that he would be surprised if the 1988 tests were shown to be far off, let alone “a thousand years wrong”, but said that he would keep an open mind.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiocarbon_14_dating_of_the_Shroud_of_Turin#The_dating_contradicts_other_evidence

Related articles

“

Crucifixion of Jesus Christ^(as)

With the arms outstretched, the wrists were nailed to the cross. It has been shown that the ligaments and bones of the wrist can support the weight of the body but the palms cannot.^[8,11,16,17] The nail in the wrist might pass between the bony elements and thereby produce no fractures, the likelihood of painful periosteal injury, i.e. injury to the outer layers of bones, which are rich in nerves and hence very sensitive to pain, wound seem great.^[7,8,16] (see image below).

http://www.reviewofreligions.org/6136/jesus-christ-did-not-die-on-the-cross-a-cardiologists-perspective/

• The Bible Christ Shroud Of Turin, Myths (ramanan50.wordpress.com)
• http://ramanan50.wordpress.com/2009/12/19/shroud-of-turin-not-jesus-tomb-discovery-suggests/

 

Christianity Distribution Traditions PEW Study

Research Study by PEW Research Center has revealed some interesting facts.

1.Christianity has ‘width , not depth in distribution’

Christianity in The World.

I am using Corporate jargon as Christianity of the day is run like a Corporate.

‘

A comprehensive demographic study of more than 200 countries finds that there are 2.18 billion Christians of all ages around the world, representing nearly a third of the estimated 2010 global population of 6.9 billion. Christians are also geographically widespread – so far-flung, in fact, that no single continent or region can indisputably claim to be the center of global Christianity.

A century ago, this was not the case. In 1910, about two-thirds of the world’s Christians lived in Europe, where the bulk of Christians had been for a millennium, according to historical estimates by the Center for the Study of Global Christianity.² Today, only about a quarter of all Christians live in Europe (26%). A plurality – more than a third – now are in the Americas (37%). About one in every four Christians lives in sub-Saharan Africa (24%), and about one-in-eight is found in Asia and the Pacific (13%)…

2.Regional Distribution of Christians.

Regional distribution of Christians.

The number of Christians around the world has nearly quadrupled in the last 100 years, from about 600 million in 1910 to more than 2 billion in 2010. But the world’s overall population also has risen rapidly, from an estimated 1.8 billion in 1910 to 6.9 billion in 2010. As a result, Christians make up about the same portion of the world’s population today (32%) as they did a century ago (35%).

3.Christian Traditions.

Christian Traditions.

About half of all Christians worldwide are Catholic (50%), while more than a third are Protestant (37%). Orthodox communions comprise 12% of the world’s Christians. Other Christian groups, which make up the remaining 1%, include the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), Jehovah’s Witnesses and the Christian Science Church.

he Catholic Church includes the international body of churches in full communion with the bishop of Rome, the pope. These churches include the Western (or Latin) church and 22 Eastern Catholic churches.¹ Each of these churches has a distinct hierarchy and traditional liturgy, prayers and religious observances. The Western (Latin) church is the largest of these autonomous churches. Among the major branches of the Eastern churches are the Alexandrian, Antiochene, Armenian, Byzantine and Chaldean.²

Catholicism, taken as a whole, is the world’s largest Christian tradition. The Catholic Church teaches that its bishops are the successors of Christ’s apostles and that the pope, as the successor to St. Peter, possesses a unique authority in the church.³ Catholic doctrine maintains that the church is infallible in its dogmatic teaching on matters of faith and morals.⁴ Catholic worship is centered on the Eucharist, in which, according to the church’s teaching, the bread and wine are supernaturally transformed into the body and blood of Christ. ⁵

Protestant

Protestants are broadly defined in this report to include three groups.⁶ The first group is made up of historic Protestants who belong to churches originating (or reformulated) at the time of the 16th-century Protestant Reformation in Europe, as well as other denominations that came later, such as Methodists. The Protestant Reformation was led by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other theologians who “protested” the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Catholic Church, leading to the creation of new national churches. The doctrines of the various Protestant denominations vary, but most include belief in grace through faith alone (known as sola fide or “by faith alone”), belief in the Bible as the ultimate authority in matters of faith and order (known as sola scriptura or “by scripture alone”) and belief in the priesthood of all believers.⁷

Anglicans are the second group of Christians categorized in this report under the broad banner of Protestantism. This category refers to Christians who belong to churches with historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs, worship styles and church structures. The great majority of Anglicans are members of churches that are part of the international Anglican Communion, which recognizes the archbishop of Canterbury as its “Focus for Unity.”⁸ The Church of England emerged as a distinct Western Christian ecclesial tradition in the early 16th century, when King Henry VIII declared his supremacy over the English church and its independence from papal authority.⁹

The third group broadly defined as Protestants in this report is independent Christians. Independent Christians have developed ecclesial structures, beliefs and practices that are claimed to be independent of historic, organized Christianity.¹⁰ Independent Christians include denominations in sub-Saharan Africa that identify as independent from historically Protestant denominations, churches in China that are not affiliated with official religious associations and nondenominational churches in the United States.

Regional Distribution of Christians.

Christian Population by Region.

According to a Pew Forum analysis of estimates from the Center for the Study of Global Christianity (CSGC) at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, there are about 279 million pentecostal Christians and 305 million charismatic Christians in the world. (For definitions, see Defining Christian Movements.) This means that, according to this analysis, pentecostal and charismatic Christians together make up about 27% of all Christians and more than 8% of the world’s total population.¹⁵ (As noted in the Executive Summary, these estimates are based primarily on numbers provided by Christian organizations and are derived differently from the other figures in this study, which are based mainly on censuses and surveys.

Christian Movements data Christianity

Source:

http://www.pewforum.org/Christian/Global-Christianity-movements-and-denominations.aspx

Related articles

• Christianity declining 50pc faster than thought – as one in 10 under-25s is a Muslim (telegraph.co.uk)

Why Islam Is Violent, A Christian View.

I chanced upon an article which was interesting and I am sharing it here.

It states that,

‘

Yet when we consider that, historically, geographically, and, most importantly, theologically, Islam is remarkably continuous with both Judaism and Christianity, we should see that this is a question that must be raised.  After all, Jews, Christians, and Muslims are of one mind in affirming the divine origins of the Hebrew Scriptures, monotheism, the personal nature of God, God’s justice and compassion, the creation of the world, the orderliness and goodness of the world, and the irreducible individuality of the human person.

Violence in Christianity

Despite these fundamental similarities, it is the followers of Islam alone that have never stopped slaughtering in the name of their God.  Why?..

 

‘As some critics have plausibly argued, monotheism, being a sort of one size-fits-all concept, expresses a moral universalism that, like all such universalisms, can and has bred arrogance and intolerance in those who endorse it.  Judaism and Christianity, however, have tempered this vision.  Islam, though, has not.  In fact, it is precisely in the Muslim’s objections to Judaism and Christianity that this becomes most clear.

From the Muslim’s perspective, neither Judaism nor Christianity is truly monotheistic.  Judaism has always revolved around the historically andculturally-specific experiences of a particular people—i.e. “the Chosen People,” the Jews.  And Christianity, with its doctrines of the Blessed Trinity (God is Three Persons in One) and the Incarnation (God entered the flux of history by becoming a man in Christ), compromises monotheism even further.’

Judaism  Christianity and Islam share common geographical location and legends.

Christianity  Non-Violent?

Spanish Inquisitions, Bloody Mary,Crusades are some examples of Tolerance.

Then came and it still exists, carrots, in the form of Money,free Education, Vatican Budget for conversion.

Christianity  has ‘mellowed’ because it has found a  better tool for conversion, persuasion, and the use of Money, both to individuals and Government.

Islam has not learnt it or refuses to learn this from Christianity.

Pot calling the kettle black?

As to Monotheism, where is it in Christianity except in few references in The Bible, there too you would find the father being mentioned apologetically.

Curiously the author has rolled father, Son and the Holy Spirit into One!

Compared to it, Islam is Monotheistic , if not Monistic.

“The Bible is a historical narrative.  It is this narrative framework that constrains the range of interpretations that the text lends.  It is the Bible’s sequential ordering of events, its meticulous attention to details, to context, that informs its message regarding the One, True God.’

The Bible was prepared edited and published by Constantine ,period.(see my posts on this)

“

The Koran has no narrative.  Rather, it is essentially a collection of divinely issued moral precepts that, devoid as they are of context, are meant to pertain to all peoples—everywhere.  In ignoring the context of its emergence and development, Islam also neglects the contexts of those upon whom it seeks to impose itself.

This explains why Islam has not, cannot, assimilate to any institutional arrangements that allow a separation of some sort or other between the eternal and temporal spheres.  It is this that accounts for why Islam appears incapable of co-existing for long with any and all potential competitors.

Christianity was institutionalized by Constantine and we know what the Church has done or is doing, including keeping mum during the holocaust.

When a religion is institutionalized it ceases to be free and religion loses its moral force.

And finally is Christianity tolerant?

Source for discussion.

http://frontpagemag.com/2013/jack-kerwick/why-islam-leads-to-violence/

Related;

The first item is to define violence. The only violence that matters to someone outside of Islam, Christianity, or Judaism is what they do to the “other,” or political violence. Cain killing Abel is not political violence. Political violence is not killing a lamb for a meal or making an animal sacrifice. Note that regardless of whether a vegan or a PETA member considers both of these actions violent, neither constitutes violence against vegans or PETA members.

 

The next item is to compare the doctrines both quantitatively and qualitatively. The political violence of the Koran is called “fighting in Allah’s cause,” or jihad.

 

We must do more than measure the jihad in the Koran. Islam has three sacred texts: Koran, Sira, and Hadith, or the Islamic Trilogy. The Sira is Mohammed‘s biography. The Hadith are his traditions — what he did and said. Sira and Hadith form the Sunna, the perfect pattern of all Islamic behavior.

 

The Koran is the smallest of the three books, also called the Trilogy. It is only 16% of the Trilogy text[1]. This means that the Sunna is 84% of the word content of Islam’s sacred texts. This statistic alone has large implications. Most of the Islamic doctrine is about Mohammed, not Allah. The Koran says 91 different times that Mohammed’s is the perfect pattern of life. It is much more important to know Mohammed than the Koran. This is very good news. It is easy to understand a biography about a man. To know Islam, know Mohammed.

 

It turns out that jihad occurs in large proportion in all three texts. Here is a chart about the results:

It is very significant that the Sira devotes 67% of its text to jihad. Mohammed averaged an event of violence every six weeks for the last nine years of his life. Jihad was what made Mohammed successful. Here is a chart of the growth of Islam.

http://www.americanthinker.com/2010/09/the_political_violence_of_the.html

The Bible Christ Shroud Of Turin, Myths

There is a widely  held belief that the Christians were persecuted from The days of Christ and the point is stressed and reinforced by Christian Literature.

The three facts(?)of Christianity.

Christ did not exist.

‘The Christ myth theory (also known as Jesus myth theory or Jesus mythicism) is a range of arguments that question the existence of Jesus of Nazareth or the entirety of his life story as described in the Christian gospels.^[1][2][3][4] The most sweeping version of the myth theories contends that there was no real historical figure Jesus and that he was invented by early Christians. Another variant holds that there was a person called Jesus, but almost all teachings and miracles attributed to him were either invented or symbolic references. Yet another version suggests that the Jesus portrayed in the New Testament is a composite character constructed from multiple people over a period of time..

Historical Evidence.

The historical Proof for the existence of Christ is very thin.

Christ.

1. “Jesus never existed: The gospels describe a virtually, and perhaps entirely, fictitious person. There are no grounds for supposing that any aspect of the Jesus narrative is rooted in history.
2. Jesus existed but little is known about him: There is enough historical evidence to conclude that Jesus existed, but the reports are so unreliable that very little can be said about his life and teachings with confidence.
3. Jesus existed and we can know about him: Historical research can reveal a core of historical facts about Jesus, but he is often different from the portrayals in the New Testament. Many of the sayings and miracles attributed to him are likely to be myths.
4. The gospels present a mostly historical Jesus: When the New Testament accounts are compared with other sources they provide a by and large reliable historical portrait of Jesus, and critical historiography should not rule out the possibility of supernatural occurrences.”

So much for the founder of Christianity.

The Bible.

The Bible was composed nearly after three years after the death of Christ(?) by Constantine by assembling a Conclave of Cardinals   an analysis of over three hundred versions of the would be Bible and the one that would suit the policies of Constantine to consolidate his Empire was chosen.

Not only that.

Constantine too became a Christian Convert to hold on to his Kingdom.

The New Testament , of  King James’s version was more of a retort to the Pope., because he did not give permission to King James to marry Anne Boleyn.

“The First Council of Nicaea was convened by Emperor Constantine the Great upon the recommendations of a synod led by Hosius of Córdoba in the Eastertide of 325. This synod had been charged with investigation of the trouble brought about by the Arian controversy in the Greek-speaking east.^[16] To most bishops, the teachings of Arius were heretical and dangerous to the salvation of souls. In the summer of 325, the bishops of all provinces were summoned to Nicaea (now known as İznik, in modern-day Turkey), a place easily accessible to the majority of delegates, particularly those of Asia Minor, Georgia, Armenia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Greece, and Thrace.

This was the first general council in the history of the Church since the Apostolic Council of Jerusalem, the Apostolic council having established the conditions upon which Gentiles could join the Church.^[17] In the Council of Nicaea, “The Church had taken her first great step to define doctrine more precisely in response to a challenge from a heretical theology.”^[18]“

Constantine also established the Church, the temporal Authority to consolidate his Kingdom.

The Shroud of Turin.

The Shroud of Turin.

The Shroud of Turin was believed to be  the cloth that was used to wrap the body of Christ after he was crucified.

Carbon Dating established beyond doubt that the Cloth belonged to the 13th Century AD!

‘The Shroud of Turin, a linen cloth commonly associated with the crucifixion and burial of Jesus Christ, has undergone numerous scientific tests, the most notable of which is radiocarbon dating, in an attempt to determine the relic‘s authenticity. In 1988, scientists at three separate laboratories dated samples from the Shroud to a range of 1260–1390CE, which coincides with the first appearance of the shroud in France in the 1350s.^[1]

These results are generally accepted by the scientific community. This dating has been questioned by some, and doubts have been raised in particular regarding the representivity of the sample that was taken for testing.”

This is how th early Christianity was conceived , more as a Political tool.

Even the hunting down  of Christ and eventual Crucifixion was more of a Political Act, the charge was Sedition!

Now onto the persecution of Christians.

References.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiocarbon_14_dating_of_the_Shroud_of_Turin

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christ_myth_theory

Related articles

• Historical Jesus Files: The Rationalistic View of Biblical History (mediainfidel.wordpress.com)

Meet Billionaire Bishop,True Follower of Christ!

We know that the Churches are run like Corporate.

The Vatican has a Budget for Religious Conversion.

This is cloaked under various Heads as  Donations, Medicare, orphanage maintenance and the like.

Protestants openly do it in the Evangelicalism.

Religious Conversion by Carrot is the norm’

Targets are set for the Priests for this Noble venture and they are compensated as in a Corporate, by Money,promotions(?!).

In addition, these Saviors called Priests raise funds from the laity.

And they amass wealth.

How much?

Meet ,Edir Macedo, Brazil’s Billionaire Bishop.

Edir Macedo, Brazil’s Billionaire Bishop

He has more than 5 million followers, whose donations over the last 36 years have made him a billionaire..

“In Brazil, where he was born and raised, he is a major national figure, the subject of dozens of criminal inquiries, and the owner of Rádio & Televisão Record, a media conglomerate that runs the country’s second-largest television network. He is known to most everyone by the title he created for himself: He is O Bispo—“The Bishop.” Macedo is the founder of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, a Pentecostal denomination specializing in prosperity theology, which links faith to financial success. He preaches twice a week, often in two different cities, and the sermons are fervently watched on church websites, his Facebook page, and the miniature TV sets that Brazilian taxi drivers like to keep on their dashboard. Now and then he holds outdoor events that draw crowds of half a million. In February he addressed 5,000 of his parishioners at one of his churches in Belo Horizonte, in southeastern Brazil. High overhead, a stained-glass cross lit by fluorescent bulbs took up most of the ceiling while a theater-size screen blew him up for the pews in the back. He paced back and forth on the stage, explaining the intersection of God and money. “Which is the largest country in the world, economically speaking? It’s America, the United States. Do you know why? Because way back—this is history, you can look it up on the Internet—the colonization was done by men who believed in the word of God. And they were tithers,” he said. “That’s why you see on the dollar bill: ‘In God we trust.’ ”

In Macedo’s teaching, tithing, or giving 10 percent of your income to the church, is a mandate from God…

The Bloomberg Billionaires Index estimates his wealth at $1.2 billion, entirely because of his ownership of Rádio & Televisão Record. The conglomerate’s namesake TV network produces standard commercial fare: telenovelas (sometimes Biblical), sex-infused reality shows, and journalism that dwells on grisly crimes. Record also runs a cable news channel, a handful of radio stations, three newspapers, a film-production company, and even a small bank, as well as cable and satellite units scattered around the world.

Macedo purchased Record, then just a debt-ridden TV network, in 1989 for $45 million. The transaction led to an investigation by Brazil’s tax agency, which found that he’d used interest-free loans from the Universal Church to fund it, and fined him for failing to declare the loans as income. In his defense, Macedo said he’d bought Record on behalf of the church to create the country’s first evangelical TV network.”

Source:

http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-04-25/edir-macedo-brazils-billionaire-bishop

The gullible who sway , swoon and pay up for these good for nothings.

Watch his facial expressions,tremendous actor!